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Prediction of orthographic information during listening comprehension: A printed-word visual world study ...
Ito, Aine. - : Figshare, 2019
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Prediction of orthographic information during listening comprehension: A printed-word visual world study ...
Ito, Aine. - : Figshare, 2019
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3
Large-scale replication study reveals a limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension
Abstract: Funding: European Research Council ERC Starting grant 636458. ; Do people routinely pre-activate the meaning and even the phonological form of upcoming words? The most acclaimed evidence for phonological prediction comes from a 2005 Nature Neuroscience publication by DeLong, Urbach and Kutas, who observed a graded modulation of electrical brain potentials (N400) to nouns and preceding articles by the probability that people use a word to continue the sentence fragment (‘cloze’). In our direct replication study spanning 9 laboratories (N=334), pre-registered replication-analyses and exploratory Bayes factor analyses successfully replicated the noun-results but, crucially, not the article-results. Pre-registered single-trial analyses also yielded a statistically significant effect for the nouns but not the articles. Exploratory Bayesian single-trial analyses showed that the article-effect may be non-zero but is likely far smaller than originally reported and too small to observe without very large sample sizes. Our results do not support the view that readers routinely pre-activate the phonological form of predictable words. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed
Keyword: BDC; BF; BF Psychology; DAS; Language comprehension; N400; Prediction; R2C; ~DC~
URL: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.33468
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18874
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