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Prediction of orthographic information during listening comprehension: A printed-word visual world study ...
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Prediction of orthographic information during listening comprehension: A printed-word visual world study ...
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Large-scale replication study reveals a limit on probabilistic prediction in language comprehension
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Politzer-Ahles, Stephen; Busch-Moreno, Simon; Ferguson, Heather J; Rueschemeyer, Shirley-Ann; Kazanina, Nina; Tuomainen, Jyrki; Kohút, Zdenko; Husband, E Matthew; Huettig, Falk; Heyselaar, Evelien; Barr, Dale J; Bartolozzi, Federica; Rousselet, Guillaume A; Fu, Xiao; Von Grebmer Zu Wolfsthurn, Sarah; Nieuwland, Mante S; Ito, Aine; Kogan, Vita; Kulakova, Eugenia; Segaert, Katrien; Mézière, Diane; Donaldson, David I; Darley, Emily. - 2019
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Abstract:
Funding: European Research Council ERC Starting grant 636458. ; Do people routinely pre-activate the meaning and even the phonological form of upcoming words? The most acclaimed evidence for phonological prediction comes from a 2005 Nature Neuroscience publication by DeLong, Urbach and Kutas, who observed a graded modulation of electrical brain potentials (N400) to nouns and preceding articles by the probability that people use a word to continue the sentence fragment (‘cloze’). In our direct replication study spanning 9 laboratories (N=334), pre-registered replication-analyses and exploratory Bayes factor analyses successfully replicated the noun-results but, crucially, not the article-results. Pre-registered single-trial analyses also yielded a statistically significant effect for the nouns but not the articles. Exploratory Bayesian single-trial analyses showed that the article-effect may be non-zero but is likely far smaller than originally reported and too small to observe without very large sample sizes. Our results do not support the view that readers routinely pre-activate the phonological form of predictable words. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed
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Keyword:
BDC; BF; BF Psychology; DAS; Language comprehension; N400; Prediction; R2C; ~DC~
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URL: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.33468 http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18874
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