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A classroom intervention targeting working memory, attention and language skills: a cluster randomised feasibility trial
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Abstract:
Background: International debate around the best models of speech and language therapy provision for children with language disorders has highlighted the need for research into classroom-based approaches and intervention dosage. Working memory (WM) is a cognitive skill linked to attention and language. ‘Recall to Enhance Children’s Attention, Language and Learning’ (RECALL) is a novel, six-week, classroom-based intervention delivered by health professionals (HPs) and teachers. It is designed to target WM and enhance attention and language skills in 4-5 year olds. Methods: A cluster randomised feasibility trial was conducted to investigate aspects of the feasibility of a definitive trial to evaluate RECALL: i) recruitment and sampling procedures; ii) compliance and fidelity; iii) the acceptability of RECALL to HPs and teachers; iv) the appropriateness of the outcome measures. Six classes of 4-5 year olds participated: two received RECALL; two received an existing intervention targeting attention skills (not underpinned by WM theory); and two received education as usual (no intervention). Ten children in each class (n= 60) were sampled to assess the appropriateness of the outcome measures. Classroom observations were conducted to measure fidelity and semi-structured interviews with HPs and teachers explored the acceptability of RECALL. Results: The recruitment targets were met and all six schools completed the trial but the sampling procedures require modification. Compliance was good (95% of RECALL sessions were delivered) but fidelity to the intervention protocol varied between 76% and 45% across the two schools. This was influenced by: large class sizes; child factors; and facilitator factors e.g., their understanding of the theory underpinning the intervention. The lack of fidelity reduced the dose (number of practice items) accessed by individual children, particularly those most at risk. There were mixed findings regarding the acceptability of RECALL and the appropriateness of the outcome measures. Conclusions: The trial could be easily scaled-up in a future definitive trial, with an amended sampling procedure. RECALL should be repackaged as a small group intervention to enhance the fidelity of its delivery and its acceptability to HPs and teachers. This study highlights the need for thorough training for professionals who deliver classroom-based interventions for children with language disorders. Trial registration: ISRCTN13633886. Registered 7 Sept 2018.
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Keyword:
QP Physiology; RJ Pediatrics
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URL: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/25483/11/s40814-021-00771-w.pdf https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/25483/ https://doi.org/10.1186/s40814-021-00771-w
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Interventions targeting working memory in 4-11 year olds within their everyday contexts: a systematic review
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An exploration of applicant perceptions of asynchronous video MMIs in medical selection
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The impact of early-years provision in Children's Centres (EPICC) on child cognitive and socio-emotional development: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
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Following instructions in a dual-task paradigm: Evidence for a temporary motor store in working memory
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Technology-Assisted Independent Study of English as a Second Language
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In: Boise State University Theses and Dissertations (2012)
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The Effects of Word Length, Articulation, Oral-motor Movement, and Lexicality on Gait: A Pilot Study
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In: Health and Rehabilitation Sciences Publications (2012)
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The Effects of Word Length, Articulation, Oral-motor Movement, and Lexicality on Gait: A Pilot Study
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In: Andrew M. Johnson (2012)
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Politeness and impoliteness in ethnic varieties of New Zealand English
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Q and eh: questions and answers on language with a Kiwi twist
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Politeness and socio-cultural constraints on intercultural competence
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Language in the workplace: how to analyze workplace discourse
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Taking research on workplace communication into the real world
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Applying linguistic research to real world problems: the social meaning of talk in workplace interaction
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It takes two to tango: researching attitudes using discourse data
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Harnessing storytelling as a sociopragmatic skill: applying narrative research to workplace English courses
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