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Hits 981 – 1.000 of 1.629

981
An Analysis of Specware and Its Usefulness in the Verification of High Assurance Systems
In: DTIC (2006)
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982
Dialogue Structure and Pronoun Resolution
In: DTIC (2006)
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983
The 2005 AFRL/HEC One-Speaker Detection Systems
In: DTIC (2006)
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984
A Methodology for End-to-End Evaluation of Arabic Document Image Processing Software
In: DTIC (2006)
Abstract: This paper describes a methodology for end-to-end evaluation of Arabic document image processing software. Various software solutions have been proposed for digitization and understanding of noisy, complex Arabic document images. Optical-character-recognition-based (OCR-based) solutions have been available for decades; however this technology is often tailored to the most common document image type: clean, monolingual documents. Real-world documents often involve multiple languages, handwriting, logos, signatures, pictures, stylized text, and other document aspects. Real-world documents involve noise introduced by document aging, reproduction, or exposure to environment factors. Document image processing solutions are maturing to deal with such complexities. Such systems include image clean-up algorithms and page segmentation, followed by various recognition or digitization algorithms: OCR, handwritten word recognition (HWR), logo identification, signature identification, sub-image or picture identification. Indexing digitized document renditions into a search engine enables ad hoc querying of the collection. Some researchers have proposed semi-automation, a process in which human readers interpret complex documents and record a spoken rendition; the audio recordings are then processed by a spoken document retrieval (SDR) system, employing automatic speech recognition (ASR) for digitization and an information retrieval solution to enable ad hoc queries. To handle foreign language, machine translation may be included in any of the aforementioned document image processing systems. This array of approaches results in widely varying performance. This paper discusses a methodology for evaluating the end-to-end retrieval performance of these systems: the ad-hoc use case. The methodology can be easily tailored to other languages, and to other document formats (e.g., audio and video). ; The original document contains color images.
Keyword: *ARABIC LANGUAGE; *COMPUTER PROGRAMS; *IMAGE PROCESSING; *INFORMATION RETRIEVAL; *METHODOLOGY; *RETRIEVAL PERFORMANCE; *SOFTWARE EVALUATION METHODOLOGY; *TEST AND EVALUATION; AD HOC USE CASE; ALGORITHMS; ASR(AUTOMATIC SPEECH RECOGNITION); CLEAN-UP ALGORITHMS; Computer Programming and Software; DIGITAL IMAGES; DIGITIZATION; Equipment and Methods; HWR(HANDWRITTEN WORD RECOGNITION); ILLEGIBLE DOCUMENTS; IMAGE PROCESSING SOFTWARE; Linguistics; MACHINE TRANSLATION; MULTILINGUAL DOCUMENTS; NOISY DOCUMENT IMAGES; OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION; PAGE SEGMENTATION; PERFORMANCE(ENGINEERING); PICTURES; PRECISION; RETRIEVAL PRECISION; RETRIEVAL RECALL; SDR(SPOKEN DOCUMENT RETRIEVAL); SPEECH RECOGNITION; SYMBOLS; Test Facilities; TREC MEASURES; TREC(TEXT RETRIEVAL CONFERENCES); WEAR; WORD RECOGNITION
URL: http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA468394
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA468394
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985
Preferred overall loudness. I: Sound field presentation in the laboratory
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986
Preferred overall loudness. II: Listening through hearing aids in field and laboratory tests
Smeds, Karolina; Keidser, Gitte; Zakis, Justin. - : Informa UK Limited, 2006
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987
Lexical errors in young efl learners: how do they relate to proficiency measures?
In: Interlingüística, ISSN 1134-8941, Nº. 17, 2006, pags. 63-73 (2006)
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988
STUDENTS' STRATEGIES FOR TAKING CLASSROOM TESTS
In: K@ta: A Biannual Publication on the Study of Language and Literature, Vol 8, Iss 2, Pp 127-136 (2006) (2006)
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989
Funciones semióticas de las imágenes en ELE y ALE
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UB Frankfurt Linguistik
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990
Should the Modern Language Aptitude Test be used to determine course substitutions for and waivers of the foreign language requirement?
In: Foreign language annals. - New York, NY 38 (2005) 2, 201-210
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OLC Linguistik
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991
The TOEFL trump card: an investigation of test impact in an ESL classroom
In: Critical inquiry in language studies. - Mahwah, NJ : Erlbaum 2 (2005) 2, 71-94
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992
Differences at 17 months : productive language patterns in infants at familial risk for dyslexia and typically developing infants
In: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research. - Rockville, Md. : American Speech-Language-Hearing Association 48 (2005) 2, 426-438
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OLC Linguistik
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993
Task proficiency and L1 private speech
In: International review of applied linguistics in language teaching. - Berlin : de Gruyter 43 (2005) 2, 81-108
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994
Examiner support strategies and test-taker vocabulary
In: International review of applied linguistics in language teaching. - Berlin : de Gruyter 43 (2005) 3, 239-258
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OLC Linguistik
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995
Diagnostic accuracy of the Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test : third edition (SPELT-3)
In: Language, speech and hearing services in schools. - Rockville, Md. : Assoc. 36 (2005) 2, 103-115
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996
A validation of the Dyslexia Adult Screening Test (DAST) in a post-secondary population
In: Journal of research in reading. - Leeds : Wiley-Blackwell 28 (2005) 4, 423-434
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OLC Linguistik
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997
Age- and ability-related differences in young readers' use of conjunctions
In: Journal of child language. - Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 32 (2005) 4, 877-892
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OLC Linguistik
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998
The paired format in the Cambridge Speaking Tests
In: ELT journal. - Oxford : Oxford University Press 59 (2005) 4, 287-297
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OLC Linguistik
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999
Stakeholders' conflicting aims undermine the washback function of a high-stakes test
In: Language testing. - London : Sage 22 (2005) 2, 142-173
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1000
Models of lexical knowledge assessment of second language learners of English at higher levels of language proficiency
In: System. - Amsterdam : Elsevier 33 (2005) 4, 547-562
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OLC Linguistik
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