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1
What Klein’s “Semantic Gradient” Does and Does Not Really Show: Decomposing Stroop Interference into Task and Informational Conflict Components
Levin, Yulia; Tzelgov, Joseph. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2016
Abstract: The present study suggests that the idea that Stroop interference originates from multiple components may gain theoretically from integrating two independent frameworks. The first framework is represented by the well-known notion of “semantic gradient” of interference and the second one is the distinction between two types of conflict – the task and the informational conflict – giving rise to the interference (MacLeod and MacDonald, 2000; Goldfarb and Henik, 2007). The proposed integration led to the conclusion that two (i.e., orthographic and lexical components) of the four theoretically distinct components represent task conflict, and the other two (i.e., indirect and direct informational conflict components) represent informational conflict. The four components were independently estimated in a series of experiments. The results confirmed the contribution of task conflict (estimated by a robust orthographic component) and of informational conflict (estimated by a strong direct informational conflict component) to Stroop interference. However, the performed critical review of the relevant literature (see General Discussion), as well as the results of the experiments reported, showed that the other two components expressing each type of conflict (i.e., the lexical component of task conflict and the indirect informational conflict) were small and unstable. The present analysis refines our knowledge of the origins of Stroop interference by providing evidence that each type of conflict has its major and minor contributions. The implications for cognitive control of an automatic reading process are also discussed.
Keyword: Psychology
URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00249
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26955363
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4767933/
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2
In search of non-abstract representation of numbers: Maybe on the right track, but still not there
In: Behavioral and brain sciences. - New York, NY [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 32 (2009) 3-4, 353
OLC Linguistik
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3
In search of non-abstract representation of numbers: Maybe on the right track, but still not there
In: Behavioral and brain sciences. - New York, NY [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 32 (2009) 3, 353
OLC Linguistik
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4
Numerical representation in the parietal lobes: abstract or not abstract? : [including open peer commentary and authors' response]
Izard, Véronique (Komm.); Pease, Alison (Komm.); Dueck, Michael (Komm.)...
In: Behavioral and brain sciences. - New York, NY [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 32 (2009) 3-4, 313-373
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5
A colorful walk on the mental number line: striving for the right direction
In: Cognition. - Amsterdam [u.a] : Elsevier 106 (2008) 1, 564-567
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6
A synesthetic walk on the mental number line: the size effect
In: Cognition. - Amsterdam [u.a] : Elsevier 106 (2008) 1, 548-557
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7
Negative numbers are generated in the mind
In: Experimental psychology. - Göttingen : Hogrefe 55 (2008) 3, 157-163
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8
The autonomous computation of morpho-phonological structure in reading : evidence from the Stroop task
In: The mental lexicon. - Amsterdam [u.a.] : John Benjamins Publishing Company 1 (2006) 2, 201-229
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9
Computation of semantic number from morphological information
In: Journal of memory and language. - Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier 53 (2005) 3, 342-358
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10
Computation of Semantic Number from Morphological Information
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11
Trading automatic-nonautomatic for unconscious-conscious
In: Behavioral and brain sciences. - New York, NY [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 25 (2002) 3, 356
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12
Automatic comparisons of artificial digits never compared : learning linear ordering relations
In: Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition. - Washington, DC [u.a.] : Assoc. 26 (2000) 1, 103-120
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13
Automaticity and consciousness : is perceiving the world necessary for reading it?
In: The American journal of psychology. - Champaign, Ill. : University of Illinois Press 110 (1997) 3, 429-448
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14
Unintentional word reading via the phonological route : the Stroop effect with cross-script homophones
In: Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition. - Washington, DC [u.a.] : Assoc. 22 (1996) 2, 336-349
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15
Capacity Demands of Automatic Processes in Semantic Priming
In: Memory & cognition. - Heidelberg [u.a.] : Springer 22 (1994) 2, 157-168
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16
The multilingual community
Groot, Annette M. B. de (Mitarb.); Barry, Chris (Mitarb.); Tzelgov, Joseph (Mitarb.)...
In: The European journal of cognitive psychology. - Basingstoke : Psychology Press 4 (1993) 4, 241-365
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17
Components of the between-language semantic priming effect
In: The multilingual community. Bilingualism (1992), 253-272
IDS Bibliografie zur Gesprächsforschung
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18
Automatic processes in lexical access and spreading activation
In: Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance. - Washington, DC [u.a.] : Assoc. 17 (1991) 3, 792-806
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19
Controlling Stroop interference : evidence from a bilingual task
In: Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition. - Washington, DC [u.a.] : Assoc. 16 (1990) 5, 760-771
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