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Stimulating Multiple-Demand Cortex Enhances Vocabulary Learning
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Stimulating Multiple-Demand Cortex Enhances Vocabulary Learning
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Abstract:
It is well established that networks within multiple-demand cortex (MDC) become active when diverse skills and behaviors are being learnt. However, their causal role in learning remains to be established. In the present study, we first performed functional magnetic resonance imaging on healthy female and male human participants to confirm that MDC was most active in the initial stages of learning a novel vocabulary, consisting of pronounceable nonwords (pseudowords), each associated with a picture of a real object. We then examined, in healthy female and male human participants, whether repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of a frontal midline node of the cingulo-opercular MDC affected learning rates specifically during the initial stages of learning. We report that stimulation of this node, but not a control brain region, substantially improved both accuracy and response times during the earliest stage of learning pseudoword–object associations. This stimulation had no effect on the processing of established vocabulary, tested by the accuracy and response times when participants decided whether a real word was accurately paired with a picture of an object. These results provide evidence that noninvasive stimulation to MDC nodes can enhance learning rates, thereby demonstrating their causal role in the learning process. We propose that this causal role makes MDC candidate target for experimental therapeutics; for example, in stroke patients with aphasia attempting to reacquire a vocabulary.
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URL: http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/846184/1/Stimulating%20Multiple-Demand%20Cortex%20Enhances%20Vocabulary%20Learning.pdf https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3857-16.2017
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Network dysfunction predicts speech production after left hemisphere stroke
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Semantic retrieval during overt picture description: Left anterior temporal or the parietal lobe?
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Overlapping Networks Engaged during Spoken Language Production and Its Cognitive Control
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Sensory-Motor Integration during Speech Production Localizes to Both Left and Right Plana Temporale
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The neural processing of masked speech: evidence for different mechanisms in the left and right temporal lobes
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Monitoring and the Controlled Processing of Meaning: Distinct Prefrontal Systems
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