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Now You Hear Me, Later You Don’t: The Immediacy of Linguistic Computation and the Representation of Speech ...
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Now You Hear Me, Later You Don’t: The Immediacy of Linguistic Computation and the Representation of Speech ...
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sj-pdf-1-pss-10.1177_0956797620968787 – Supplemental material for Now You Hear Me, Later You Don’t: The Immediacy of Linguistic Computation and the Representation of Speech ...
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sj-pdf-1-pss-10.1177_0956797620968787 – Supplemental material for Now You Hear Me, Later You Don’t: The Immediacy of Linguistic Computation and the Representation of Speech ...
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How children attend to events before speaking: crosslinguistic evidence from the motion domain
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In: Glossa: a journal of general linguistics; Vol 6, No 1 (2021); 28 ; 2397-1835 (2021)
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Top-Down Grouping Affects Adjacent Dependency Learning
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In: Psychology Faculty Publications (2020)
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Studying the Real-Time Interpretation of Novel Noun and Verb Meanings in Young Children
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Abstract:
Decades of research show that children rely on the linguistic context in which novel words occur to infer their meanings. However, because learning in these studies was assessed after children had heard numerous occurrences of a novel word in informative linguistic contexts, it is impossible to determine how much exposure would be needed for a child to learn from such information. This study investigated the speed with which French 20-month-olds and 3-to-4-year-olds exploit function words to determine the syntactic category of novel words and therefore infer their meanings. In a real-time preferential looking task, participants saw two videos side-by-side on a TV-screen: one showing a person performing a novel action, and the other a person passively holding a novel object. At the same time, participants heard only three occurrences of a novel word preceded either by a determiner (e.g., “Regarde! Une dase! – “Look! A dase!”) or a pronoun (e.g., “Regarde! Elle dase!” – “Look! She’s dasing!”). 3-to-4-year-olds exploited function words to categorize novel words and infer their meanings: they looked more to the novel action in the verb condition, while participants in the noun condition looked more to the novel object. 20-month-olds, however, did not show this difference. We discuss possible reasons for why 20-month-olds may have found it difficult to infer novel word meanings in our task. Given that 20-month-olds can use function words to learn word meanings in experiments providing many repetitions, we suspect that more repetitions might be needed to observe positive effects of learning in this age range in our task. Our study establishes nevertheless that before age 4, young children become able to exploit function words to infer the meanings of unknown words as soon as they occur. This ability to interpret speech in real-time and build interpretations about novel word meanings might be extremely useful for young children to map words to their possible referents and to boost their acquisition of word meanings.
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Keyword:
Psychology
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00274 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6401638/
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Spotting Dalmatians: Children’s ability to discover subordinate-level word meanings cross-situationally
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In: Cogn Psychol (2019)
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Auditory word recognition of verbs: Effects of verb argument structure on referent identification
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Two- and three-year-olds track a single meaning during word learning: Evidence for Propose-but-verify
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A learned label modulates object representations in 10-month-old infants
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The interplay of local attraction, context and domain-general cognitive control in activation and suppression of semantic distractors during sentence comprehension
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Taking your own path: Individual differences in Executive Function and Language Processing Skills in Child Learners
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Perceiving referential intent: Dynamics of reference in natural parent-child interactions
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Semantic ambiguity and syntactic bootstrapping: The case of conjoined-subject intransitive sentences
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Revise and resubmit: How real-time parsing limitations influence grammar acquisition
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Compositionality and the angular gyrus: a multi-voxel similarity analysis of the semantic composition of nouns and verbs
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Multi-Voxel Pattern Analysis of Noun and Verb Differences in Ventral Temporal Cortex Marked Revision
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