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1
Words in the bilingual brain: an fNIRS brain imaging investigation of lexical processing in sign-speech bimodal bilinguals
Abstract: Early bilingual exposure, especially exposure to two languages in different modalities such as speech and sign, can profoundly affect an individual's language, culture, and cognition. Here we explore the hypothesis that bimodal dual language exposure can also affect the brain's organization for language. These changes occur across brain regions universally important for language and parietal regions especially critical for sign language (Newman et al., 2002). We investigated three groups of participants (N = 29) that completed a word repetition task in American Sign Language (ASL) during fNIRS brain imaging. Those groups were (1) hearing ASL-English bimodal bilinguals (n = 5), (2) deaf ASL signers (n = 7), and (3) English monolinguals naïve to sign language (n = 17). The key finding of the present study is that bimodal bilinguals showed reduced activation in left parietal regions relative to deaf ASL signers when asked to use only ASL. In contrast, this group of bimodal signers showed greater activation in left temporo-parietal regions relative to English monolinguals when asked to switch between their two languages (Kovelman et al., 2009). Converging evidence now suggest that bimodal bilingual experience changes the brain bases of language, including the left temporo-parietal regions known to be critical for sign language processing (Emmorey et al., 2007). The results provide insight into the resilience and constraints of neural plasticity for language and bilingualism.
Keyword: Neuroscience
URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00606
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4139656
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2
Should bilingual children learn reading in two languages at the same time or in sequence?
In: Bilingual research journal. - Washington, DC : NABE 36 (2013) 1, 35-60
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3
Should bilingual children learn reading in two languages at the same time or in sequence?
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4
The 'perceptual wedge hypothesis' as the basis for bilingual babies' phonetic processing advantage: new insights from fNIRS brain imaging
In: Brain & language. - Orlando, Fla. [u.a.] : Elsevier 121 (2012) 2, 130-143
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5
Dual language use in sign-speech bimodal bilinguals: fNIRS brain-imaging evidence
In: Brain & language. - Orlando, Fla. [u.a.] : Elsevier 109 (2009) 2-3, 112-123
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6
Backward recognition masking as a general type of interference in needed poststimulus processing
In: Perception & psychophysics. - Austin, Tex. : Psychonomic Journals 70 (2008) 6, 1104-1116
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7
Dual Language Use in Sign-Speech Bimodal Bilinguals: fNIRS Brain-Imaging Evidence
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8
Shining new light on the brain’s “Bilingual Signature:” A functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy investigation of semantic processing
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9
Signal detection theory analyses of semantic priming in word recognition
In: Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance. - Washington, DC [u.a.] : Assoc. 29 (2003) 6, 1251-1266
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