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All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year Sort by creator [A → Z]' creator [Z → A]' publishing year ↑ (asc)' publishing year ↓ (desc)' title [A → Z]' title [Z → A]' Simple Search Hits 1 – 8 of 8 1 Language statistical learning responds to reinforcement learning principles rooted in the striatum Orpella, Joan; Mas-Herrero, Ernest; Ripollés, Pablo. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2021 BASE Show details 2 Integrating when and what information in the left parietal lobe allows language rule generalization Orpella, Joan; Ripollés, Pablo; Ruzzoli, Manuela. - : Public Library of Science, 2020 BASE Show details 3 Integrating when and what information in the left parietal lobe allows language rule generalization Orpella, Joan; Callejas, Alicia. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE, 2020 BASE Show details 4 Integrating when and what information in the left parietal lobe allows language rule generalization Orpella, Joan; Ripollés, Pablo; Ruzzoli, Manuela... In: PLoS Biol (2020) BASE Show details 5 Spontaneous synchronization to speech reveals neural mechanisms facilitating language learning Assaneo, M. Florencia; Ripolles, Pablo; Orpella, Joan. - 2019 BASE Show details 6 Spontaneous synchronization to speech reveals neural mechanisms facilitating language learning Assaneo, M. Florencia; Ripollés, Pablo; Orpella, Joan. - : Nature Publishing Group, 2019 BASE Show details 7 The Lateralization of Speech-Brain Coupling Is Differentially Modulated by Intrinsic Auditory and Top-Down Mechanisms Assaneo, M. Florencia; Rimmele, J. M.; Orpella, Joan. - : Frontiers Media, 2019 BASE Show details 8 Integrating when and what information in the left parietal lobule allows language rule generalization Soto-Faraco, Salvador, 1970-; Orpella, Joan; Callejas, Alicia; Ruzzoli, Manuela; Ripollés, Pablo; Amengual, Julià L.; de Diego-Balaguer, Ruth; Martinez-Alvarez, Anna. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS) Abstract: A crucial aspect when learning a language is discovering the rules that govern how words are combined in order to convey meanings. Because rules are characterized by sequential co-occurrences between elements (e.g., “These cupcakes are unbelievable”), tracking the statistical relationships between these elements is fundamental. However, purely bottom-up statistical learning alone cannot fully account for the ability to create abstract rule representations that can be generalized, a paramount requirement of linguistic rules. Here, we provide evidence that, after the statistical relations between words have been extracted, the engagement of goal-directed attention is key to enable rule generalization. Incidental learning performance during a rule-learning task on an artificial language revealed a progressive shift from statistical learning to goal-directed attention. In addition, and consistent with the recruitment of attention, functional MRI (fMRI) analyses of late learning stages showed left parietal activity within a broad bilateral dorsal frontoparietal network. Critically, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on participants’ peak of activation within the left parietal cortex impaired their ability to generalize learned rules to a structurally analogous new language. No stimulation or rTMS on a nonrelevant brain region did not have the same interfering effect on generalization. Performance on an additional attentional task showed that this rTMS on the parietal site hindered participants’ ability to integrate “what” (stimulus identity) and “when” (stimulus timing) information about an expected target. The present findings suggest that learning rules from speech is a two-stage process: following statistical learning, goal-directed attention—involving left parietal regions—integrates “what” and “when” stimulus information to facilitate rapid rule generalization. ; This work was supported by the European Research Council grant ERC-StG-313841 (TuningLang) and the BFU2017-87109-P Grant from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (RdD-B) which is part of Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI) (Co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund. ERDF, a way to build Europe), the European Research Council (Proof of Concept, ERC, 727595) (SS-F), the Juan de la Cierva Post-Doctorate Fellowship (JCI-2012-12335, Ministerio de Economia y Competividad) (MR) and CERCA Programme / Generalitat de Catalunya for institutional support. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript Keyword: Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Language acquisition; Transcranial magnetic stimulation URL: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.3000895 http://hdl.handle.net/10230/46717 BASE Hide details

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