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Familiar words can serve as a semantic seed for syntactic bootstrapping
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In: ISSN: 1363-755X ; EISSN: 1467-7687 ; Developmental Science ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03098829 ; Developmental Science, Wiley, 2021, 24 (1), pp.e13010. ⟨10.1111/desc.13010⟩ (2021)
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Toddlers exploit referential and syntactic cues to flexibly adapt their interpretation of novel verb meanings
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In: ISSN: 0022-0965 ; EISSN: 1096-0457 ; Journal of Experimental Child Psychology ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03468213 ; Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, Elsevier, 2021, 203, pp.105017. ⟨10.1016/j.jecp.2020.105017⟩ (2021)
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18‐month‐olds fail to use recent experience to infer the syntactic category of novel words
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In: ISSN: 1363-755X ; EISSN: 1467-7687 ; Developmental Science ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03098848 ; Developmental Science, Wiley, In press, ⟨10.1111/desc.13030⟩ (2021)
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“ Look! It is not a bamoule! ”: 18‐ and 24‐month‐olds can use negative sentences to constrain their interpretation of novel word meanings
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In: ISSN: 1363-755X ; EISSN: 1467-7687 ; Developmental Science ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03141397 ; Developmental Science, Wiley, 2021, ⟨10.1111/desc.13085⟩ (2021)
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"Look! It is not a bamoule!" 18-and 24-month-olds can use negative sentences to constrain their interpretation of novel word meanings
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In: ISSN: 1363-755X ; EISSN: 1467-7687 ; Developmental Science ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03101000 ; Developmental Science, Wiley, In press (2021)
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| 6 |
The Acquisition of Noun and Verb Categories by Bootstrapping From a Few Known Words: A Computational Model
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In: Front Psychol (2021)
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Abstract:
While many studies have shown that toddlers are able to detect syntactic regularities in speech, the learning mechanism allowing them to do this is still largely unclear. In this article, we use computational modeling to assess the plausibility of a context-based learning mechanism for the acquisition of nouns and verbs. We hypothesize that infants can assign basic semantic features, such as “is-an-object” and/or “is-an-action,” to the very first words they learn, then use these words, the semantic seed, to ground proto-categories of nouns and verbs. The contexts in which these words occur, would then be exploited to bootstrap the noun and verb categories: unknown words are attributed to the class that has been observed most frequently in the corresponding context. To test our hypothesis, we designed a series of computational experiments which used French corpora of child-directed speech and different sizes of semantic seed. We partitioned these corpora in training and test sets: the model extracted the two-word contexts of the seed from the training sets, then used them to predict the syntactic category of content words from the test sets. This very simple algorithm demonstrated to be highly efficient in a categorization task: even the smallest semantic seed (only 8 nouns and 1 verb known) yields a very high precision (~90% of new nouns; ~80% of new verbs). Recall, in contrast, was low for small seeds, and increased with the seed size. Interestingly, we observed that the contexts used most often by the model featured function words, which is in line with what we know about infants' language development. Crucially, for the learning method we evaluated here, all initialization hypotheses are plausible and fit the developmental literature (semantic seed and ability to analyse contexts). While this experiment cannot prove that this learning mechanism is indeed used by infants, it demonstrates the feasibility of a realistic learning hypothesis, by using an algorithm that relies on very little computational and memory resources. Altogether, this supports the idea that a probabilistic, context-based mechanism can be very efficient for the acquisition of syntactic categories in infants.
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Keyword:
Psychology
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.661479
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34489784
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8416756/
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| 7 |
The Acquisition of Noun and Verb Categories by Bootstrapping From a Few Known Words: A Computational Model
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| 8 |
Priming syntactic ambiguity resolution in children and adults
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In: ISSN: 2327-3798 ; EISSN: 2327-3801 ; Language, Cognition and Neuroscience ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03099573 ; Language, Cognition and Neuroscience, Taylor and Francis, 2020, 35 (10), pp.1445-1455. ⟨10.1080/23273798.2020.1797130⟩ (2020)
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| 9 |
Four- and 5-year-old children adapt to the reliability of conflicting sources of information to learn novel words
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In: ISSN: 0022-0965 ; EISSN: 1096-0457 ; Journal of Experimental Child Psychology ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03099563 ; Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, Elsevier, 2020, 200, pp.104927. ⟨10.1016/j.jecp.2020.104927⟩ (2020)
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| 10 |
14-month-olds exploit verbs' syntactic contexts to build expectations about novel words
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In: ISSN: 1525-0008 ; EISSN: 1532-7086 ; Infancy ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03018549 ; Infancy, Wiley, 2020, 25 (5), pp.719-733. ⟨10.1111/infa.12354⟩ (2020)
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| 11 |
Priming syntactic ambiguity resolution in children and adults ...
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| 12 |
Priming syntactic ambiguity resolution in children and adults ...
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| 14 |
Prosody and Function Words Cue the Acquisition of Word Meanings in 18-Month-Old Infants
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In: ISSN: 0956-7976 ; Psychological Science ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02951124 ; Psychological Science, Association for Psychological Science, 2019, 30 (3), pp.319-332. ⟨10.1177/0956797618814131⟩ (2019)
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Studying the Real-Time Interpretation of Novel Noun and Verb Meanings in Young Children
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In: EISSN: 1664-1078 ; Frontiers in Psychology ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02951180 ; Frontiers in Psychology, Frontiers, 2019, 10, ⟨10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00274⟩ (2019)
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| 16 |
Three- to Four-Year-Old Children Rapidly Adapt Their Predictions and Use Them to Learn Novel Word Meanings
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In: ISSN: 0009-3920 ; EISSN: 1467-8624 ; Child Development ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02951365 ; Child Development, Wiley, 2019, 90 (1), pp.82-90. ⟨10.1111/cdev.13113⟩ (2019)
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Prosody and Function Words Cue the Acquisition of Word Meanings in 18-Month-Old Infants ...
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Prosody and Function Words Cue the Acquisition of Word Meanings in 18-Month-Old Infants ...
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| 19 |
Studying the Real-Time Interpretation of Novel Noun and Verb Meanings in Young Children
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