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Are they really stronger? Comparing effects of semantic variables in speeded deadline and standard picture naming ...
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The Relationship between Personal Variables and Perceived Appropriateness of Coping Strategies against Cybervictimisation among Pre-Service Teachers
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In: Sustainability; Volume 14; Issue 9; Pages: 5575 (2022)
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Linguistic Mathematical Relationships Saved or Lost in Translating Texts: Extension of the Statistical Theory of Translation and Its Application to the New Testament
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In: Information; Volume 13; Issue 1; Pages: 20 (2022)
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Abstract:
The purpose of the paper is to extend the general theory of translation to texts written in the same language and show some possible applications. The main result shows that the mutual mathematical relationships of texts in a language have been saved or lost in translating them into another language and consequently texts have been mathematically distorted. To make objective comparisons, we have defined a “likeness index”—based on probability and communication theory of noisy binary digital channels-and have shown that it can reveal similarities and differences of texts. We have applied the extended theory to the New Testament translations and have assessed how much the mutual mathematical relationships present in the original Greek texts have been saved or lost in 36 languages. To avoid the inaccuracy, due to the small sample size from which the input data (regression lines) are calculated, we have adopted a “renormalization” based on Monte Carlo simulations whose results we consider as “experimental”. In general, we have found that in many languages/translations the original linguistic relationships have been lost and texts mathematically distorted. The theory can be applied to texts translated by machines. Because the theory deals with linear regression lines, the concepts of signal-to-noise-ratio and likenss index can be applied any time a scientific/technical problem involves two or more linear regression lines, therefore it is not limited to linguistic variables but it is universal.
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Keyword:
deep-language; greek; likeness index; linguistic variables; machine translation; modern languages; new testament; regression lines; signal-to-noise-ratio; translation
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/info13010020
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Causal Emergence: When Distortions in a Map Obscure the Territory
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In: Philosophies; Volume 7; Issue 2; Pages: 30 (2022)
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Defuzzification in the process of managerial estimating the value of agricultural lands ...
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Identifying a perpetrator’s voice using speeded confidence judgements. ...
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Single Valued Neutrosophic VIKOR and Its Application to Wastewater Treatment Selection ...
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Single Valued Neutrosophic VIKOR and Its Application to Wastewater Treatment Selection ...
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Norming studies of European Portuguese words: A literature review ; Estudos normativos de características lexicossemânticas e afetivas para palavras do Português Europeu: Uma revisão da literatura
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Retention Rates and Pre-Matriculation Variables of First-Time, Full-Time Students at Three, Small, Private, Liberal Arts Universities in Georgia
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In: Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2021)
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Aspects of semantics and their influence on word production in language impaired and unimpaired individuals
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La expresión del tabú en el habla de Málaga ; The expression of taboo in the speech of Málaga
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Self-reported reflective functioning mediates the association between attachment insecurity and well-being among psychotherapists
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Research Investigating Lexical Coverage and Lexical Profiling: What We Know, What We Don’t Know, and What Needs to be Examined
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Webb, Stuart. - : University of Hawaii National Foreign Language Resource Center, 2021. : Center for Language & Technology, 2021
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La interpersonalidad discursiva como alternativa al metadiscurso interpersonal
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In: Onomázein: Revista de lingüística, filología y traducción de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, ISSN 0718-5758, Nº. 54, 2021, pags. 113-141 (2021)
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Marqueurs de compétence (socio)linguistique chez des apprenant(e)s universitaires de français langue seconde: l'accord verbal de nombre et la particule négative «ne»
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Prepositional phrases in German in Austria – identifying patterns of variation
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In: Open Linguistics, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 476-510 (2021) (2021)
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Apagamento do rótico em coda no Português Santomense (PST): uma análise sociolinguística / Rhotic deletion in coda in Santomean Portuguese (PST): an sociolinguistics analysis
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In: Revista de Estudos da Linguagem, Vol 29, Iss 3, Pp 2011-2040 (2021) (2021)
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"Statut de la variation entre données et modélisations : le cas des clitiques datifs pluriels loro et gli en italien contemporain"
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In: Réflexions théoriques et méthodologiques autour de données variationnelles ; https://hal.parisnanterre.fr//hal-03565990 ; Annie Bertin; Françoise Gadet; Sabine Lehmann. Réflexions théoriques et méthodologiques autour de données variationnelles, Presses Universitaires de Savoie, pp.201- 218, 2020, collection Langages, 9782377410583 ; https://www.lcdpu.fr/livre/?GCOI=27000100298510 (2020)
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