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All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year AND OR AND NOT All fields Title Creator / Publisher Keyword Year Sort by creator [A → Z]' creator [Z → A]' publishing year ↑ (asc)' publishing year ↓ (desc)' title [A → Z]' title [Z → A]' Simple Search Page: 1 2 3 4 5...7 Hits 1 – 20 of 122 1 The Visual System Prioritizes High-Level Scene Properties for Attentional Selection Peacock, Candace Elise. - : eScholarship, University of California, 2021 Abstract: As we sample the world via shifts in gaze, the visual system filters out irrelevant information to prioritize the most relevant visual input. However, there is debate regarding why one source of information is selected over another for attention. The literature has suggested that the physical salience of image features is a dominant guidance factor in scene perception. However, cognitive relevance theory suggests that it is actually scene meaning (our knowledge of the world) that guides attention. Because meaning and image salience are correlated but have been represented differently in the literature, however, it has previously been impossible to test whether meaning or image salience uniquely predict attention when they are represented in the same format. To test their unique contributions to attention, Chapters 2 and 3 tested whether attention, as operationalized by fixation densities, was more related to meaning maps, which capture the spatial distribution of semantic densities in real-world scenes, or to saliency maps, which capture the spatial distribution of physically conspicuous features in scenes. Chapter 2 used a task in which viewers were instructed to count bright patches in scenes or rate the overall brightness of scenes while their eye movements were recorded. This resulted in image salience being task-relevant and meaning being task-irrelevant. Despite its task-irrelevance, meaning predicted fixation densities uniquely whereas image salience did not. A caveat of Chapter 2, however, is that the task required that eye movements be directed to scene-dependent information, thereby conflating whether the task was truly meaning-independent. To remedy this, Chapter 3 employed a free viewing task that did not require participants to attend to meaning or salience. Here, it was found that even during free viewing, meaning continued to explain the overall and unique patterns of attention significantly better than image salience. Together, these findings suggest that the visual system selects meaningful information for attentional selection, as consistent with cognitive relevance theory. Finally, prior work has combined spatial constraint (knowledge of where objects are located in scenes) and image salience to predict where fixations are directed during visual search. Given that meaning uniquely predicts attention beyond image salience, however, Chapter 4 therefore tested whether combining spatial constraint and meaning also predicts eye movements during visual search. Here, meaning was represented as meaning maps and spatial constraint was represented as surface maps that represented the likely locations of target objects as continuous probabilities. The results showed that combining spatial constraint and meaning predicted eye movements better than spatial constraint or meaning alone. This suggested that the visual system selects meaningful regions that appear on surfaces related to visual search targets for fixation. These findings collectively demonstrate that the human visual system prioritizes scene regions that contain meaningful content based upon our knowledge of the world for attention. This has implications for cognitive relevance theory which describes how humans orient attention in the real world and may help inform technologies that reduce distractions. Keyword: attention; Cognitive psychology; eye movements; meaning; saliency; scene perception URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/18z5c48h BASE Hide details 2 Perceptual Models of Machine-Edited Text ... The Joint Conference of the 59th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 11th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing 2021; Henderson, John C.; Marvin, Rebecca. - : Underline Science Inc., 2021 BASE Show details 3 Why do we retrace our visual steps? Semantic and episodic memory in gaze reinstatement Ramey, Michelle M.; Yonelinas, Andrew P.; Henderson, John M. In: Learn Mem (2020) BASE Show details 4 Where the Action Could Be: Speakers Look at Graspable Objects and Meaningful Scene Regions when Describing Potential Actions Rehrig, Gwendolyn; Peacock, Candace E.; Hayes, Taylor R.... In: J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn (2020) BASE Show details 5 Meaning and Attentional Guidance in Scenes: A Review of the Meaning Map Approach Henderson, John M.; Hayes, Taylor R.; Peacock, Candace E.. - : MDPI, 2019 BASE Show details 6 Meaning Guides Attention During Scene Viewing Even When It Is Irrelevant Peacock, Candace E.; Hayes, Taylor R.; Henderson, John M.. - 2019 BASE Show details 7 Meaning Guides Attention during Real-World Scene Description. Henderson, John M; Hayes, Taylor R; Rehrig, Gwendolyn... In: Scientific reports, vol 8, iss 1 (2018) BASE Show details 8 Task-Related Differences in Eye Movements in Individuals With Aphasia Smith, Kimberly G.; Schmidt, Joseph; Wang, Bin. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2018 BASE Show details 9 Meaning Guides Attention during Real-World Scene Description Henderson, John M.; Hayes, Taylor R.; Rehrig, Gwendolyn. - : Nature Publishing Group UK, 2018 BASE Show details 10 Word Frequency Effects in Naturalistic Reading Desai, Rutvik H.; Choi, Wonil; Henderson, John M. In: Lang Cogn Neurosci (2018) BASE Show details 11 Morphogrammata [<Journal>] Squire, Michael Verfasser]. - Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln DNB Subject Category Language Show details 12 The Predicament of Maya Textiles in the South Highlands of Guatemala: What is Authenticity and Where can I Buy it? Denham, Amanda Joyce. - 2017 BASE Show details 13 Marie Curie Actions TAMEAL IRSES Deliverable D 2.2 - Second collection of TAMEAL papers Caudal, Patrick; Dench, Alan; Faller, Martina... In: https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01428693 ; 2017 (2017) BASE Show details 14 Lexical predictability during natural reading: Effects of surprisal and entropy reduction ... Lowder, Matthew; Choi, Wonil; Ferreira, Fernanda. - : PsyArXiv, 2017 BASE Show details 15 Electrophysiological Evidence for Preserved Primacy of Lexical Prediction in Normative Aging ... Dave, Shruti; Brothers, Trevor; Traxler, Matthew. - : PsyArXiv, 2017 BASE Show details 16 Morphogrammata / The lettered Art of Optatian. Figuring Cultural Transformations in the Age of Constantine Squire, Michael; Wienand, Johannes; Kwapisz, Jan. - : Wilhelm Fink, 2017 BASE Show details 17 Language structure in the brain: A fixation-related fMRI study of syntactic surprisal in reading. Henderson, John M; Choi, Wonil; Lowder, Matthew W. - : eScholarship, University of California, 2016 BASE Show details 18 Eye movements in reading and information processing: Keith Rayner's 40 year legacy Henderson, John M.; Inhoff, Albrecht W.; Jr Clifton, Charles. - : Elsevier, 2016 BASE Show details 19 Toward Semantics in the Wild: Activation to Manipulable Nouns in Naturalistic Reading Desai, Rutvik H.; Choi, Wonil; Lai, Vicky T.. - : Society for Neuroscience, 2016 BASE Show details 20 Linguistic Stratigraphy and Native Title: The Case of Ethnonyms McConvell, Patrick. - : Aboriginal Studies Press, 2015 BASE Show details Page: 1 2 3 4 5...7

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