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Inter-individual differences in executive functions predict multitasking performance – Implications for the central attentional bottleneck
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Abstract:
The Supplementary Information/Materials can be found at the end of the manuscript. ; Copyright: © 2022 Szameitat. Human multitasking suffers from a central attentional bottleneck preventing parallel performance of central mental operations, leading to profound deferments in task performance. While previous research assumed that the deferment is caused by a mere waiting time (refractory period), we show that the bottleneck requires executive functions (EF; active scheduling account) accounting for a profound part of the deferment. Three participant groups with EF impairments (dyslexics, highly neurotics, deprived smokers) showed worse multitasking performance than respective control groups. Three further groups with EF improvements (videogamers, bilinguals, coffee consumers) showed improved multitasking. Finally, three groups performed a dual-task and different measures of EF (reading span, rotation span, symmetry span) and showed significant correlations between multitasking performance and working memory capacity. Demands on EF during multitasking may cause more errors, mental fatigue and stress, with parts of the population being considerably more prone to this. ; British Academy (SG132549); Bial Foundation (142/16).
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Keyword:
action control; dual-task performance; executive functions; individual differences; multitasking; passive queuing; psychological refractory period (PRP)
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URL: https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/24473
https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.778966
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| 2 |
Η επίδραση της πολυγλωσσίας στη λειτουργία της εργαζόμενης μνήμης και των εκτελεστικών λειτουργιών. Μια διερευνητική μελέτη σε ενήλικες πολύγλωσσους ...
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| 3 |
Understanding Estimations of Magnitudes: An fMRI Investigation
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In: Brain Sciences; Volume 12; Issue 1; Pages: 104 (2022)
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| 4 |
Как билингвизм влияет на объем словарного запаса у старших дошкольников? ; How Does Bilingualism Affect the Volume of Vocabulary in Senior Preschoolers?
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| 5 |
Interventions based on board games to improve working memory, executive functions, and other cognitive processes related across lifespan
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In: TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa) (2022)
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| 6 |
From Terrible Twos to Sassy Sixes: The Development of Vocabulary and Executive Functioning Across Early Childhood
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| 7 |
A case-study of language-specific executive disorder
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In: ISSN: 0264-3294 ; EISSN: 1464-0627 ; Cognitive Neuropsychology ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03372987 ; Cognitive Neuropsychology, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2021, 38 (2), pp.125 - 137. ⟨10.1080/02643294.2021.1941828⟩ (2021)
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| 8 |
Web indirect language assessment on monolingual Italian toddlers ...
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| 9 |
Bilingualism meets autism: an investigation of executive functions profiles in English-Arabic children ...
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| 10 |
Higher-Order Language Dysfunctions in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder
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In: Journal of Clinical Medicine ; Volume 10 ; Issue 18 (2021)
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| 11 |
Predictions about the Cognitive Consequences of Language Switching on Executive Functioning Inspired by the Adaptive Control Hypothesis Fail More Often than Not
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In: Brain Sciences ; Volume 11 ; Issue 9 (2021)
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| 12 |
Bilingualism meets autism: an investigation of executive functions profiles in English-Arabic children
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| 13 |
Action video games enhance attentional control and phonological decoding in children with developmental dyslexia
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| 14 |
Intervención en el control inhibitorio en niños con y sin trastorno de lenguaje dentro del aula
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| 15 |
Cross-sectional associations of application use and media program viewing with cognitive and psychosocial development in preschoolers
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In: Test Series for Scopus Harvesting 2021 (2021)
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| 16 |
Network-behavior mapping of lasting executive impairments after low-grade glioma surgery
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In: ISSN: 1863-2653 ; EISSN: 1863-2661 ; Brain Structure and Function ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02940846 ; Brain Structure and Function, Springer Verlag, 2020, ⟨10.1007/s00429-020-02131-5⟩ (2020)
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| 17 |
Differential impairments in irony comprehension in brain-damaged individuals: Insight from contextual processing, theory of mind, and executive functions.
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In: ISSN: 0894-4105 ; Neuropsychology ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02996068 ; Neuropsychology, American Psychological Association, 2020, 34 (7), pp.750-763. ⟨10.1037/neu0000682⟩ (2020)
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| 18 |
Prevalence of Autistic-Like Traits in General Population Bilingual and Monolingual Samples and Their Effect on Cognition and Metaphor Processing/Interpretation ...
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| 19 |
Preschoolers' Attention to Emotional Prosody as a Function of Speaker Conventionality ...
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| 20 |
The effect of bilingualism on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)-related behaviour, ADHD symptoms, and executive functions in a general primary school population ...
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