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Language tests for citizenship: new demands, new realities ; Exámenes de idiomas para ciudadanía: Nuevas exigencias, nuevas realidades
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Impaired Recognition and Regulation of Disgust Is Associated with Distinct but Partially Overlapping Patterns of Decreased Gray Matter Volume in the Ventroanterior Insula.
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In: Biological psychiatry, vol 78, iss 7 (2015)
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Impaired Recognition and Regulation of Disgust Is Associated with Distinct but Partially Overlapping Patterns of Decreased Gray Matter Volume in the Ventroanterior Insula.
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Woolley, Josh D; Strobl, Eric V; Sturm, Virginia E; Shany-Ur, Tal; Poorzand, Pardis; Grossman, Scott; Nguyen, Lauren; Eckart, Janet A; Levenson, Robert W; Seeley, William W; Miller, Bruce L; Rankin, Katherine P
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In: Biological psychiatry, vol 78, iss 7 (2015)
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Abstract:
BackgroundThe ventroanterior insula is implicated in the experience, expression, and recognition of disgust; however, whether this brain region is required for recognizing disgust or regulating disgusting behaviors remains unknown.MethodsWe examined the brain correlates of the presence of disgusting behavior and impaired recognition of disgust using voxel-based morphometry in a sample of 305 patients with heterogeneous patterns of neurodegeneration. Permutation-based analyses were used to determine regions of decreased gray matter volume at a significance level p <= .05 corrected for family-wise error across the whole brain and within the insula.ResultsPatients with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and semantic variant primary progressive aphasia were most likely to exhibit disgusting behaviors and were, on average, the most impaired at recognizing disgust in others. Imaging analysis revealed that patients who exhibited disgusting behaviors had significantly less gray matter volume bilaterally in the ventral anterior insula. A region of interest analysis restricted to behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia and semantic variant primary progressive aphasia patients alone confirmed this result. Moreover, impaired recognition of disgust was associated with decreased gray matter volume in the bilateral ventroanterior and ventral middle regions of the insula. There was an area of overlap in the bilateral anterior insula where decreased gray matter volume was associated with both the presence of disgusting behavior and impairments in recognizing disgust.ConclusionsThese findings suggest that regulating disgusting behaviors and recognizing disgust in others involve two partially overlapping neural systems within the insula. Moreover, the ventral anterior insula is required for both processes.
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Keyword:
Acquired Cognitive Impairment; Aged; Aging; Behavioral and Social Science; Biological Sciences; Brain Disorders; Cerebral Cortex; Clinical Research; Computer-Assisted; Dementia; Disgust; Emotion recognition; Emotions; Facial Recognition; Family; Female; Frontotemporal Dementia; Gray Matter; Humans; Image Processing; Insula; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Medical and Health Sciences; Middle Aged; Neurodegeneration; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Neuropsychological Tests; Neurosciences; Organ Size; Psychiatry; Psychology; Psychology and Cognitive Sciences; Recognition; Retrospective Studies; Voxel-based morphometry
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URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5zj2c0d7
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Effects of noise suppression on intelligibility: experts' opinions and naive normal-hearing listeners' performance.
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In: J Speech Lang Hear Res , 56 (2) 404 - 415. (2013) (2013)
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Evaluating the Validity of Accommodations for English Learners through Evidence Based on Response Processes
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In: Open Access Dissertations (2013)
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Development and Validation of a Multimedia Computer Package for the Assessment of Oral Proficiency of Adult ESL Learners: Implications for Score Comparability
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