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Dyslexia and language impairment associated genetic markers influence cortical thickness and white matter in typically developing children.
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Eicher, John D; Montgomery, Angela M; Akshoomoff, Natacha; Amaral, David G; Bloss, Cinnamon S; Libiger, Ondrej; Schork, Nicholas J; Darst, Burcu F; Casey, BJ; Chang, Linda; Ernst, Thomas; Frazier, Jean; Kaufmann, Walter E; Keating, Brian; Kenet, Tal; Kennedy, David; Mostofsky, Stewart; Murray, Sarah S; Sowell, Elizabeth R; Bartsch, Hauke; Kuperman, Joshua M; Brown, Timothy T; Hagler, Donald J; Dale, Anders M; Jernigan, Terry L; Gruen, Jeffrey R; Pediatric Imaging Neurocognition Genetics Study
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In: Brain imaging and behavior, vol 10, iss 1 (2016)
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Abstract:
Dyslexia and language impairment (LI) are complex traits with substantial genetic components. We recently completed an association scan of the DYX2 locus, where we observed associations of markers in DCDC2, KIAA0319, ACOT13, and FAM65B with reading-, language-, and IQ-related traits. Additionally, the effects of reading-associated DYX3 markers were recently characterized using structural neuroimaging techniques. Here, we assessed the neuroimaging implications of associated DYX2 and DYX3 markers, using cortical volume, cortical thickness, and fractional anisotropy. To accomplish this, we examined eight DYX2 and three DYX3 markers in 332 subjects in the Pediatrics Imaging Neurocognition Genetics study. Imaging-genetic associations were examined by multiple linear regression, testing for influence of genotype on neuroimaging. Markers in DYX2 genes KIAA0319 and FAM65B were associated with cortical thickness in the left orbitofrontal region and global fractional anisotropy, respectively. KIAA0319 and ACOT13 were suggestively associated with overall fractional anisotropy and left pars opercularis cortical thickness, respectively. DYX3 markers showed suggestive associations with cortical thickness and volume measures in temporal regions. Notably, we did not replicate association of DYX3 markers with hippocampal measures. In summary, we performed a neuroimaging follow-up of reading-, language-, and IQ-associated DYX2 and DYX3 markers. DYX2 associations with cortical thickness may reflect variations in their role in neuronal migration. Furthermore, our findings complement gene expression and imaging studies implicating DYX3 markers in temporal regions. These studies offer insight into where and how DYX2 and DYX3 risk variants may influence neuroimaging traits. Future studies should further connect the pathways to risk variants associated with neuroimaging/neurocognitive outcomes.
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Keyword:
2.1 Biological and endogenous factors; Adolescent; Basic Behavioral and Social Science; Behavioral and Social Science; Brain; Brain Disorders; Cell Adhesion Molecules; Child; Clinical Research; Cohort Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Diffusion Tensor Imaging; Dyslexia; DYX2; DYX3; Experimental Psychology; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genetics; Genotyping Techniques; Humans; Imaging-genetics; KIAA0319; Language Development Disorders; Language impairment; Medical and Health Sciences; Mental health; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neurosciences; Organ Size; Pediatric; Pediatric Imaging Neurocognition Genetics Study; Polymorphism; Preschool; Prevention; Proteins; Psychology and Cognitive Sciences; Single Nucleotide; Thiolester Hydrolases; White Matter; Young Adult
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URL: https://escholarship.org/uc/item/7rh1571s
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| 2 |
Dyslexia and language impairment associated genetic markers influence cortical thickness and white matter in typically developing children.
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In: Brain imaging and behavior, vol 10, iss 1 (2016)
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Language impairment and dyslexia genes influence language skills in children with autism spectrum disorders
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Characterization of the DYX2 locus on chromosome 6p22 with reading disability, language impairment, and IQ
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Associations of Prenatal Nicotine Exposure and the Dopamine Related Genes ANKK1 and DRD2 to Verbal Language
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Associations of Prenatal Nicotine Exposure and the Dopamine Related Genes ANKK1 and DRD2 to Verbal Language
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