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Grandparent–Grandchild Communication and Attitudes Toward Older Adults: Relational Solidarity and Shared Family Identity in China
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In: International Journal of Communication; Vol 15 (2021); 19 ; 1932-8036 (2021)
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Hispanic/Latino(a) Immigrant Acculturation and U.S. American Native English Speakers’ Intergroup Perceptions and Attitudes: Accommodation, Social Attraction, and Anxiety
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International Students’ Acculturation and Attitudes Toward Americans as a Function of Communication and Relational Solidarity with their Most Frequent American Contact
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Intergroup Anxiety and Willingness to Communicate: Exploring the Effects of Stereotype Threat and Social Attraction
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Communicating with Americans: Chinese International Students' Experiences and Perceptions
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Functions of the Common Ingroup Identity Model and Acculturation Strategies in Intercultural Communication: American Host Nationals' Communication with Chinese International Students
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Abstract:
Identities of social groups have been considered as the fundamental factors which influence communication practices (e.g., Harwood, Giles, & Palomares, 2005). Guided by the Intergroup Contact Hypothesis (Allport, 1954; Brown & Hewstone, 2005), the Common Ingroup Identity Model (CIIM; Gaertner, Rust, Dovidio, Bachman, & Anastasio, 1994), and the acculturation framework (Berry, 1980), this experimental study examined American host nationals' perceptions of Chinese international students' cultural adaptation strategies and the effects of the strategies on American host nationals' willingness to communicate with the Chinese students. In addition, the current study also examined the indirect effects of the adaptation strategies through American host nationals' perceptions of anxiety in communicating with and social attractiveness of the Chinese students on willingness to communicate with the Chinese students. Four scenarios describing Chinese international students' cultural adaptation strategies (i.e., assimilation, integration, separation, and marginalization) were developed based on CIIM and the acculturation framework. Prior to the main study, two pilot studies (N = 113 in pilot 1, N = 60 in pilot 2) were conducted to examine the validity of the manipulation of the four strategies along two conceptual dimensions: identification with home culture (i.e., Chinese culture) and identification with the host culture (i.e., American culture). In the main study, European American participants (N = 284) were asked to report their demographic information, strength of identification with American culture, and attitudes toward Chinese people in general. Then, they were randomly assigned to one of the four experimental conditions in which they read a scenario describing a Chinese international student's cultural adaptation strategy. After reading the scenario, participants answered questions measuring their perceptions of the cultural adaptation strategy used by the Chinese international student described in the scenario. Then, they reported their perceptions of willingness to communicate with, social attractiveness of, and interpersonal communication anxiety with the Chinese student. Hypothesis 1 predicted that participants' perceptions of willingness to communicate with the Chinese international student would vary with the experimental conditions. Partially supporting Hypothesis 1, univariate analysis of variance results revealed that participants were more willing to communicate with the assimilated and integrated Chinese students than with the separated and marginalized students. Hypothesis 2 predicted that participants' judgments of the Chinese international student would vary depending on the experimental conditions. Partially supporting Hypothesis 2, multivariate analysis of variance results revealed that the assimilated and integrated Chinese students were judged more positively than the separated or marginalized Chinese student. Guided by the prior literature on intervening variables in intergroup contact research (Pettigrew & Tropp, 2008; Stephan & Stephan, 1985; Voci & Hewstone, 2003), Hypothesis 3 further predicted the indirect effects of the experimental conditions on American host nationals' willingness to communicate through two mediator variables (i.e., interpersonal communication anxiety and social attractiveness). Results of nonparametric bootstrapping procedures revealed that intercultural adaptation strategies had indirect effects on willingness to communicate through both interpersonal communication anxiety and social attractiveness. Results of this study provide several theoretical and practical implications for the growing body of intergroup contact research in an intercultural context. By incorporating the acculturation framework, for example, findings from the current study provided empirical support for a critical role played by a common ingroup identity in an intercultural context. In addition, this study challenged the taken-for-granted intervening function of anxiety in intergroup contact literature and demonstrated an imperative role of a positive intervening variable. Moreover, on a practical note, findings from this study provide insightful suggestions for the communities and education institutions in the host culture to develop effective intercultural communication training programs and strategies to cope with intercultural communication anxiety and uncertainty. Results are discussed in light of prior literature and theories of intergroup, intercultural, and interpersonal communication.
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Keyword:
Acculturation; American-Chinese context; Common ingroup identity; Communication; Communication anxiety; Social attractiveness; Willingness to communicate
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URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1808/10391
http://dissertations.umi.com/ku:11787
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Making Ourselves Understood: The Role of Previous Experience, Stereotypes, Communication Accommodation, and Anxiety in Americans' Perceptions of Communication with Chinese Students
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Constructing the Self through the Other: How beliefs about the Other inform international NGO approaches to development
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Cultural Values in Chinese Children's Animation: A Content Analysis of The Legend of Nezha
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Song, Yi; Zhang, Yan Bing. - : American Chinese Media Research Association and Communication Studies Institute of Zhejiang University, 2010
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Initiating factors of Chinese intergenerational conflict: Young adults' written accounts
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Mediated Contact and Intergroup Relations: When Koreans Met Americans through U.S. TV Dramas
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Social interactions across media: Interpersonal communication on the Internet, telephone and face-to-face
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Stereotype traits of older adults generated by young, middle-aged, and older Chinese participants
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Taiwanese young adults’ intergenerational communication schemas
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Conflict Management Styles of Americans and Indonesians: Exploring the Effects of Gender and Collectivism/Individualism
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