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Training to Improve Hearing Speech in Noise: Biological Mechanisms
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Musicians have fine-tuned neural distinction of speech syllables
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Abstract:
One of the benefits musicians derive from their training is an increased ability to detect small differences between sounds. Here, we asked whether musicians’ experience discriminating sounds on the basis of small acoustic differences confers advantages in the subcortical differentiation of closely-related speech sounds (e.g., /ba/ and /ga/), distinguishable only by their harmonic spectra (i.e., their second formant trajectories). Although the second formant is particularly important for distinguishing stop consonants, auditory brainstem neurons do not phase-lock to its frequency range (above 1000 Hz). Instead, brainstem nuclei convert this high-frequency content into neural response timing differences. As such, speech tokens with higher formant frequencies elicit earlier brainstem responses than those with lower formant frequencies. By measuring the degree to which subcortical response timing differs to the speech syllables /ba/, /da/, and /ga/ in adult musicians and nonmusicians, we reveal that musicians demonstrate enhanced subcortical discrimination of closely related speech sounds. Furthermore, the extent of subcortical consonant discrimination correlates with speech-in-noise perception. Taken together, these findings show a musician enhancement for the neural processing of speech and reveal a biological mechanism contributing to musicians’ enhanced speech perception.
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URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.05.042 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22634507 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3402586
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Training to Improve Hearing Speech in Noise: Biological Mechanisms
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Subcortical encoding of sound is enhanced in bilinguals and relates to executive function advantages
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Assistive listening devices drive neuroplasticity in children with dyslexia
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Cross-phaseogram: Objective neural index of speech sound differentiation
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Training to Improve Hearing Speech in Noise: Biological Mechanisms
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Musical Experience and the Aging Auditory System: Implications for Cognitive Abilities and Hearing Speech in Noise
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Inferior colliculus contributions to phase encoding of stop consonants in an animal model
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Brainstem Correlates of Speech-in-Noise Perception in Children
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RAPID ACOUSTIC PROCESSING IN THE AUDITORY BRAINSTEM IS NOT RELATED TO CORTICAL ASYMMETRY FOR THE SYLLABLE RATE OF SPEECH
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Stimulus Rate and Subcortical Auditory Processing of Speech
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Auditory brainstem measures predict reading and speech-in-noise perception in school-aged children
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Musical Experience Limits the Degradative Effects of Background Noise on the Neural Processing of Sound
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Context-dependent encoding in the human auditory brainstem relates to hearing speech in noise: Implications for developmental dyslexia
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