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The Receptive-Expressive Gap in English Narratives of Spanish-English Bilingual Children With and Without Language Impairment.
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In: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR, vol 61, iss 6 (2018)
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Difficulties Using Standardized Tests to Identify the Receptive Expressive Gap in Bilingual Children’s Vocabularies*
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The Receptive–Expressive Gap in Bilingual Children With and Without Primary Language Impairment
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The Receptive-Expressive Gap In Bilingual Children With And Without Primary Language Impairment
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The receptive-expressive gap in the vocabulary of young second-language learners: Robustness and possible mechanisms
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Abstract:
Adults and children learning a second language show difficulty accessing expressive vocabulary that appears accessible receptively in their first language (L1). We call this discrepancy the receptive-expressive gap. Kindergarten Spanish (L1) - English (L2) sequential bilinguals were given standardized tests of receptive and expressive vocabulary in both Spanish and English. We found a small receptive-expressive gap in English but a large receptive-expressive gap in Spanish. We categorized children as having had high or low levels of English exposure based on demographic variables and found that the receptive-expressive gap persisted across both levels of English exposure. Regression analyses revealed that variables predicting both receptive and expressive vocabulary scores failed to predict the receptive-expressive gap. The results suggest that the onset of the receptive-expressive gap in L1 must have been abrupt. We discuss possible mechanisms underlying the phenomenon.
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22247648 https://doi.org/10.1017/S1366728910000490 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3254083
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The relation between language experience and receptive-expressive semantic gaps in bilingual children
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