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Language and Academic Skills in Children Adopted from China: A Longitudinal Study
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Generics license 30-month-olds’ inferences about the atypical properties of novel kinds
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Abstract:
We examined whether the distinction between generic and nongeneric language provides toddlers with a rapid and efficient means to learn about kinds. In Experiment 1, we examined 30-month-olds’ willingness to extend atypical properties to members of an unfamiliar category when the properties were introduced in one of three ways: a) using a generic noun phrase (“Blicks drink ketchup”); b) using a nongeneric noun phrase (“These blicks drink ketchup”); and c) using an attentional phrase (“Look at this”). Hearing a generic noun phrase boosted toddlers’ extension of properties to both the model exemplars and to novel members of the same category, relative to when a property had been introduced with a nongeneric noun phrase or an attentional phrase. In Experiment 2, properties were introduced with a generic noun phrase and toddlers extended novel properties to members of the same-category, but not to an out-of-category object. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that generics highlight the stability of a feature and foster generalization of the property to novel within-category exemplars.
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Article
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URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5003765/
https://doi.org/10.1037/dev0000183
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27505699
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