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Évaluation de la perception des sons de parole chez les populations pédiatriques : réflexion sur les épreuves existantes
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In: ISSN: 0298-6477 ; EISSN: 2117-7155 ; Glossa ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03646757 ; Glossa, UNADREO - Union NAtionale pour le Développement de la Recherche en Orthophonie, 2022, 132, pp.1-27 ; https://www.glossa.fr/index.php/glossa/article/view/1043 (2022)
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Abstract:
International audience ; Children with Speech Sound Disorders (SSD) have difficulties in the acquisition of speech sounds, and poor speech intelligibility. These difficulties have negative academic and socio-economic repercussions, often persisting until adulthood. There is a need for reliable assessment protocols, since the prevalence of speech sound disorders speech-language pathologists’ caseloads is high (Dodd, 2014). The focus of this article is an inventory of French clinical tools for speech perception assessment in pediatric population and a comparison of these tools in terms of psychometrics and inherent characteristics of an efficient perception task. The goal is to provide speech-language pathologists with a framework for the selection of assessment protocols in an Evidence-Based Practice approach. In this study, we inventoried ten main perception tasks used for French-speaking children. We examined two aspects of these tests by using analysis grids. First, we analyzed the psychometric side with a grid adapted from Leclercq & Veys (2014) and Lafay & Cattini (2018). Second, we evaluated the characteristics of a perception task with a criterion grid adapted from Locke (1980a). The results showed that, even if the tests are adapted to children of different ages and quick to administer, very few include a justification for the selected targets or establish a link between perception and production abilities. In addition, these tests do not satisfy psychometric standards, especially sensibility and specificity. In fact, only a few tests include a pathologic population in their standardization process. This study promotes Evidence-Based Practice approach and offers to guide clinicians in the selection of diagnostic tests. ; Les enfants avec un Trouble du Développement des Sons de Parole (TDSP) présentent des difficultés dans l’acquisition des sons de la langue et une faible intelligibilité. Cela peut engendrer des difficultés scolaires et socio-économiques qui peuvent persister jusqu’à l’âge adulte. La prévalence des TDSP étant prédominante dans la patientèle des orthophonistes (Dodd, 2014), il est nécessaire de disposer de protocoles d’évaluation fiables. L’enjeu de cet article est de réaliser un inventaire des outils disponibles dans la clinique française pour évaluer la perception de la parole dans la population pédiatrique et de proposer une comparaison de ces outils en termes de caractéristiques psychométriques et de qualités propres à l’évaluation de la perception. L’objectif est de donner des clés aux orthophonistes pour le choix de leurs outils d’évaluation dans le cadre d’une pratique fondée sur les données probantes. Dans cette étude, nous avons recensé dix tâches utilisées auprès des enfants francophones. Nous avons examiné deux aspects de ces tests grâce à des grilles d’analyse. Premièrement, nous avons analysé le versant psychométrique selon une grille adaptée de Leclercq et Veys (2014) et Lafay et Cattini (2018). Puis, nous avons évalué les caractéristiques d’une tâche d’évaluation de la perception avec une grille reprenant certains critères de Locke (1980a). Les résultats démontrent que, même si les tâches sont adaptées aux âges des enfants et rapides à administrer, très peu d’études justifient le choix de leurs cibles ou établissent un lien entre les habiletés de perception et de production. Également, les tests ne satisfont pas les critères psychométriques, notamment ceux de sensibilité et spécificité. En effet, rares sont les tests qui incluent une population pathologique dans leur processus de standardisation. Cette étude encourage la pratique fondée sur les données probantes et propose de guider les orthophonistes dans leurs choix d’outils diagnostics.
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Keyword:
[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics; [SDV.NEU.SC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Cognitive Sciences; [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology; Assessment; enfants francophones; évaluation; French-speaking children; perception de parole; Speech perception; Speech Sound Disorders; Trouble du développement des sons de parole
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URL: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03646757/file/Meloni_etal_Glossa_2022.pdf
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03646757
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03646757/document
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In: ISSN: 1754-9507 ; International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology ; https://hal.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/hal-03344800 ; International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 2020, 22 (6), pp.683-695. ⟨10.1080/17549507.2020.1844799⟩ (2020)
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