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Five-Year-Olds’ and Adults’ Use of Paralinguistic Cues to Overcome Referential Uncertainty
Thacker, Justine M.; Chambers, Craig G.; Graham, Susan A.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2018
Abstract: An eye-tracking methodology was used to explore adults’ and children’s use of two utterance-based cues to overcome referential uncertainty in real time. Participants were first introduced to two characters with distinct color preferences. These characters then produced fluent (“Look! Look at the blicket.”) or disfluent (“Look! Look at thee, uh, blicket.”) instructions referring to novel objects in a display containing both talker-preferred and talker-dispreferred colored items. Adults (Expt 1, n = 24) directed a greater proportion of looks to talker-preferred objects during the initial portion of the utterance (“Look! Look at…”), reflecting the use of indexical cues for talker identity. However, they immediately reduced consideration of an object bearing the talker’s preferred color when the talker was disfluent, suggesting they infer disfluency would be more likely as a talker describes dispreferred objects. Like adults, 5-year-olds (Expt 2, n = 27) directed more attention to talker-preferred objects during the initial portion of the utterance. Children’s initial predictions, however, were not modulated when disfluency was encountered. Together, these results demonstrate that adults, but not 5-year-olds, can act on information from two talker-produced cues within an utterance, talker preference, and speech disfluencies, to establish reference.
Keyword: Psychology
URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00143
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5816787/
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29487559
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2
14- to 16-Month-Olds Attend to Distinct Labels in an Inductive Reasoning Task
Switzer, Jessica L.; Graham, Susan A.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2017
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3
Generics license 30-month-olds’ inferences about the atypical properties of novel kinds
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4
24-Month-Olds’ Selective Learning Is Not an All-or-None Phenomenon
Henderson, Annette M. E.; Graham, Susan A.; Schell, Vanessa. - : Public Library of Science, 2015
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5
That's not what you said earlier: preschoolers expect partners to be referentially consistent*
In: Journal of child language. - Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 41 (2014) 1, 34-50
OLC Linguistik
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6
Learning from picture books: Infants’ use of naming information
Khu, Melanie; Graham, Susan A.; Ganea, Patricia A.. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2014
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7
Distinct Labels Attenuate 15-Month-Olds’ Attention to Shape in an Inductive Inference Task
Graham, Susan A.; Keates, Jean; Vukatana, Ena. - : Frontiers Media S.A., 2013
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8
Words Are Not Merely Features: Only Consistently Applied Nouns Guide 4-year-olds' Inferences About Object Categories
In: Language learning and development. - Philadelphia, Pa. : Taylor & Francis 8 (2012) 2, 136-145
OLC Linguistik
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9
Children’s Sensitivity to the Knowledge Expressed in Pedagogical and Non-Pedagogical Contexts
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10
Des bébés et des mots: l'acquisition lexicale chez le jeune enfant
Katerelos, Marina; Zesiger, Pascal (Hrsg.); Sutton, Ann. - Vineuil : Necplus, 2011
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UB Frankfurt Linguistik
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11
Two-year-olds use the generic/non-generic distinction to guide their inferences about novel kinds
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12
Preschoolers' extension of novel words to animals and artifacts
In: Journal of child language. - Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 37 (2010) 4, 913-927
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OLC Linguistik
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13
Preschoolers' word mapping: the interplay between labelling context and specificity of speaker information
In: Journal of child language. - Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press 36 (2009) 3, 673-684
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OLC Linguistik
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14
Generic language and speaker confidence guide preschoolers' inferences about novel animate kinds
In: Developmental psychology. - Richmond, Va. [u.a.] : American Psychological Association 45 (2009) 3, 884-888
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15
When hearsay trumps evidence: how generic language guides preschoolers' inferences about unfamiliar things
In: Language and cognitive processes. - Abingdon : Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group 23 (2008) 5, 749-766
BLLDB
OLC Linguistik
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16
Cognitive processes in early word learning
In: Blackwell handbook of language development. - Malden, MA [u.a.] : Blackwell (2007), 191-211
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17
It's a sign of the kind: gestures and words guide infants' inductive inferences
In: Developmental psychology. - Richmond, Va. [u.a.] : American Psychological Association 43 (2007) 5, 1111-1123
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18
Children's communicative strategies in novel and familiar word situations
In: First language. - London [u.a.] : SAGE Publ. 26 (2006) 79, 403-420
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OLC Linguistik
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19
Children's communicative strategies in novel and familiar word situations
In: First language. - London [u.a.] : SAGE Publ. 26 (2006) 79, 403
OLC Linguistik
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20
Children's use of syntactic and pragmatic knowledge in the interpretation of novel adjectives
In: Child development. - Malden, Ma. [u.a.] : Blackwell 77 (2006) 1, 16-30
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