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Grammatical Processing Using the Mechanisms of Physical Inference
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In: DTIC (2004)
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| 22 |
Robustness Versus Fidelity in Natural Language Understanding
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In: DTIC (2004)
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Abstract:
A number of issues arise when trying to scale-up natural language understanding (NLU) tools designed for relatively simple domains (e.g. flight information) to domains such as medical advising or tutoring where deep understanding of user utterances is necessary. Because the subject matter is richer, the range of vocabulary and grammatical structures is larger meaning NLU tools are more likely to encounter out-of-vocabulary words or extra-grammatical utterances. This is especially true in medical advising and tutoring where users may not know the correct vocabulary and use common sense terms or descriptions instead. Techniques designed to improve robustness (e.g., skipping unknown words, relaxing grammatical constraints, mapping unknown words to known words) are effective at increasing the number of utterances for which an NLU sub-system can produce a semantic interpretation. However, such techniques introduce additional ambiguity and can lead to a loss of fidelity (i.e., a mismatch between the semantic interpretation and what the language producer meant). To control this trade-off, we propose semantic interpretation confidence scores akin to speech recognition confidence scores and describe our initial attempt to compute such a score in a modularized NLU sub-system. ; Presented at the International Workshop on Scalable Natural Language Understanding (2nd) (ScaNaLU) at HLT-NAACL held in Boston, MA on 6 May 2004. Published in the Proceedings of the International Workshop on Scalable Natural Language Understanding (2nd), 2004.
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Keyword:
*CONFIDENCE SCORES; *DIALOGUE SYSTEMS; *FIDELITY; *NATURAL LANGUAGE; *NLU(NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING); *SEMANTIC INTERPRETATION; *VOCABULARY; GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURES; INFORMATION PROCESSING; Information Science; Linguistics; PARSERS; ROBUSTNESS; SEMANTICS; SYMPOSIA; SYNTAX; WORDS(LANGUAGE)
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URL: http://oai.dtic.mil/oai/oai?&verb=getRecord&metadataPrefix=html&identifier=ADA460978
http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA460978
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| 23 |
HITIQA: A Data Driven Approach to Interactive Analytical Question Answering
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In: DTIC (2004)
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| 24 |
From Unstructured to Structured Information in Military Intelligence - Some Steps to Improve Information Fusion
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In: DTIC (2004)
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| 25 |
Ontological Approach to Military Knowledge Modeling and Management
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (2004)
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| 26 |
Spatial Language for Human-Robot Dialogs
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (2003)
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| 27 |
HITIQA: An Interactive Question Answering System. A Preliminary Report
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In: DTIC (2003)
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| 28 |
Dialogue Management for an Automated Multilingual Call Center
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In: DTIC (2003)
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| 29 |
A Syntactic Approach to Foundational Proof-Carrying Code
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (2002)
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| 30 |
Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (2002)
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| 31 |
Automatic Predicate Argument Analysis of the Penn TreeBank
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In: DTIC (2001)
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| 33 |
Towards an ML-style Polymorphic Type System for C
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In: DTIC (1996)
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| 34 |
Rewriting Logic and its Applications First International Workshop, Asilomar Conference Center, Pacific Grove, California, 3-6 September 1996. Volume 4 Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science.
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1996)
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| 35 |
BBN: Description of the PLUM System as Used for MUC-6
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In: DTIC (1995)
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| 36 |
UMass/Hughes: Description of the Circus System Used for MUC-5
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In: DTIC (1993)
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| 37 |
BBN: Description of the PLUM System as Used for MUC-5
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In: DTIC (1993)
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| 38 |
Document Filtering Using Semantic Information from a Machine Readable Dictionary
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In: DTIC (1993)
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| 39 |
BBN's PLUM Probabilistic Language Understanding System
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In: DTIC (1993)
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| 40 |
New Results on the Compatibility of the Standard Conditional Likelihood Approach with Product Space Conditional Event Algebra
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In: DTIC AND NTIS (1992)
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