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1
Wide-coverage deep statistical parsing using automatic dependency structure annotation
In: Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , Burke, Michael, O'Donovan, Ruth, Riezler, Stefan, van Genabith, Josef orcid:0000-0003-1322-7944 and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2008) Wide-coverage deep statistical parsing using automatic dependency structure annotation. Computational Linguistics, 34 (1). pp. 81-124. (2008)
Abstract: A number of researchers (Lin 1995; Carroll, Briscoe, and Sanfilippo 1998; Carroll et al. 2002; Clark and Hockenmaier 2002; King et al. 2003; Preiss 2003; Kaplan et al. 2004;Miyao and Tsujii 2004) have convincingly argued for the use of dependency (rather than CFG-tree) representations for parser evaluation. Preiss (2003) and Kaplan et al. (2004) conducted a number of experiments comparing “deep” hand-crafted wide-coverage with “shallow” treebank- and machine-learning based parsers at the level of dependencies, using simple and automatic methods to convert tree output generated by the shallow parsers into dependencies. In this article, we revisit the experiments in Preiss (2003) and Kaplan et al. (2004), this time using the sophisticated automatic LFG f-structure annotation methodologies of Cahill et al. (2002b, 2004) and Burke (2006), with surprising results. We compare various PCFG and history-based parsers (based on Collins, 1999; Charniak, 2000; Bikel, 2002) to find a baseline parsing system that fits best into our automatic dependency structure annotation technique. This combined system of syntactic parser and dependency structure annotation is compared to two hand-crafted, deep constraint-based parsers (Carroll and Briscoe 2002; Riezler et al. 2002). We evaluate using dependency-based gold standards (DCU 105, PARC 700, CBS 500 and dependencies for WSJ Section 22) and use the Approximate Randomization Test (Noreen 1989) to test the statistical significance of the results. Our experiments show that machine-learning-based shallow grammars augmented with sophisticated automatic dependency annotation technology outperform hand-crafted, deep, widecoverage constraint grammars. Currently our best system achieves an f-score of 82.73% against the PARC 700 Dependency Bank (King et al. 2003), a statistically significant improvement of 2.18%over the most recent results of 80.55%for the hand-crafted LFG grammar and XLE parsing system of Riezler et al. (2002), and an f-score of 80.23% against the CBS 500 Dependency Bank (Carroll, Briscoe, and Sanfilippo 1998), a statistically significant 3.66% improvement over the 76.57% achieved by the hand-crafted RASP grammar and parsing system of Carroll and Briscoe (2002).
Keyword: Machine translating; Parsers; Translation; Treebank
URL: http://doras.dcu.ie/16173/
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2
Automatic treebank annotation for the acquisition of LFG resources
Burke, Michael. - : Dublin City University. School of Computing, 2006
In: Burke, Michael (2006) Automatic treebank annotation for the acquisition of LFG resources. PhD thesis, Dublin City University. (2006)
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3
Large-scale induction and evaluation of lexical resources from the Penn-II and Penn-III treebanks
In: O'Donovan, Ruth, Burke, Michael, Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2005) Large-scale induction and evaluation of lexical resources from the Penn-II and Penn-III treebanks. Computational Linguistics, 31 (3). pp. 328-365. ISSN 1530-9312 (2005)
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4
Evaluating automatically acquired f-structures against PropBank
In: Burke, Michael, Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2005) Evaluating automatically acquired f-structures against PropBank. In: LFG05 - 10th International Lexical Functional Grammar Conference, 18-20 July 2005, Bergen, Norway. ISBN 1098-6782 (2005)
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5
Strong domain variation and treebank-induced LFG resources
In: Judge, John, Burke, Michael, Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , O'Donovan, Ruth, van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2005) Strong domain variation and treebank-induced LFG resources. In: LFG05 - 10th International Lexical Functional Grammar Conference, 18-20 July 2005, Bergen, Norway. ISBN 1098-6782 (2005)
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6
Large-scale induction and evaluation of lexical resources from the Penn-II treebank
In: O'Donovan, Ruth, Burke, Michael, Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2004) Large-scale induction and evaluation of lexical resources from the Penn-II treebank. In: ACL 2004 - 42nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 21-26 July 2004, Barcelona, Spain. (2004)
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7
Treebank-based acquisition of wide-coverage, probabilistic LFG resources: project overview, results and evaluation
In: Burke, Michael, Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , O'Donovan, Ruth, van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2004) Treebank-based acquisition of wide-coverage, probabilistic LFG resources: project overview, results and evaluation. In: IJCNLP-04 Workshop - The First International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing, 21 March 2004, Sanya City, Hainan Island, China. (2004)
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8
Treebank-based acquisition of a Chinese lexical-functional grammar
In: Burke, Michael, Lam, Olivia, Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , Chan, Rowena, O'Donovan, Ruth, Bodomo, Adams, van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2004) Treebank-based acquisition of a Chinese lexical-functional grammar. In: PACLIC-18 - 18th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation, 8-10 December 2004, Tokyo, Japan. (2004)
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9
Evaluation of an automatic f-structure annotation algorithm against the PARC 700 dependency bank
In: Burke, Michael, Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , O'Donovan, Ruth, van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2004) Evaluation of an automatic f-structure annotation algorithm against the PARC 700 dependency bank. In: LFG'04 - Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Lexical-Functional Grammar, Christchurch, New Zealand, 10-12 July 2004. ISBN 1098-6782 (2004)
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10
Evaluating automatic LFG f-structure annotation for the Penn-II treebank
In: Burke, Michael, Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , McCarthy, Mairéad, O'Donovan, Ruth, van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2004) Evaluating automatic LFG f-structure annotation for the Penn-II treebank. Research on Language and Computation, 2 (4). pp. 523-547. ISSN 1570-7075 (2004)
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11
Long-distance dependency resolution in automatically acquired wide-coverage PCFG-based LFG approximations
In: Cahill, Aoife orcid:0000-0002-3519-7726 , Burke, Michael, O'Donovan, Ruth, van Genabith, Josef and Way, Andy orcid:0000-0001-5736-5930 (2004) Long-distance dependency resolution in automatically acquired wide-coverage PCFG-based LFG approximations. In: ACL 2004 - 42nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 21-26 July 2004, Barcelona, Spain. (2004)
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