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COSMO-Onset: A Neurally-Inspired Computational Model of Spoken Word Recognition, Combining Top-Down Prediction and Bottom-Up Detection of Syllabic Onsets
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In: ISSN: 1662-5137 ; Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience ; https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03318691 ; Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience, Frontiers, 2021, 15, pp.653975. ⟨10.3389/fnsys.2021.653975⟩ (2021)
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Abstract:
International audience ; Recent neurocognitive models commonly consider speech perception as a hierarchy of processes, each corresponding to specific temporal scales of collective oscillatory processes in the cortex: 30–80 Hz gamma oscillations in charge of phonetic analysis, 4–9 Hz theta oscillations in charge of syllabic segmentation, 1–2 Hz delta oscillations processing prosodic/syntactic units and the 15–20 Hz beta channel possibly involved in top-down predictions. Several recent neuro-computational models thus feature theta oscillations, driven by the speech acoustic envelope, to achieve syllabic parsing before lexical access. However, it is unlikely that such syllabic parsing, performed in a purely bottom-up manner from envelope variations, would be totally efficient in all situations, especially in adverse sensory conditions. We present a new probabilistic model of spoken word recognition, called COSMO-Onset, in which syllabic parsing relies on fusion between top-down, lexical prediction of onset events and bottom-up onset detection from the acoustic envelope. We report preliminary simulations, analyzing how the model performs syllabic parsing and phone, syllable and word recognition. We show that, while purely bottom-up onset detection is sufficient for word recognition in nominal conditions, top-down prediction of syllabic onset events allows overcoming challenging adverse conditions, such as when the acoustic envelope is degraded, leading either to spurious or missing onset events in the sensory signal. This provides a proposal for a possible computational functional role of top-down, predictive processes during speech recognition, consistent with recent models of neuronal oscillatory processes.
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Keyword:
[INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL]; [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics; [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience; Bayesian modeling; bottom-up event detection; neural oscillations; speech perception; spoken word recognition; syllabic parsing; top-down prediction
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URL: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2021.653975
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03318691
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03318691/file/nabe%CC%8121.pdf
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03318691/document
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Online activation of L1 Danish orthography enhances spoken word recognition of Swedish
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In: ISSN: 0332-5865 ; Nordic Journal of Linguistics ; https://hal-amu.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03283527 ; Nordic Journal of Linguistics, 2021, pp.1-19. ⟨10.1017/S0332586521000056⟩ (2021)
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